[delt0r]

A 1MW plant would have the neutron power of 2kW @ .2% neutron power, even @ .02% its still 200W of neutrons. A *lot* more than “radiation output of a classroom of kindergarteners”. E. Lerner has said this even in his first Google talk. There is a cool down time of hours/days after switch off before you can get your hands inside.

Rare side reactions matter.

[delt0r]

Desalination is much less energy intensive than boiling water. Because that steam can be used to heat the incoming water. ie recycle the heat. Staged flash desalination needs a “lot” of power but its all low grade heat (less than 100C since it runs at partial vacuum) and it is *way* less than the latent heat requirement to vaporize the water processed.

[delt0r]

At 1% output power, activation is something that happens and that matters. It is not background. But it is manageable. Even much less than 1% (say kW or even 100W ) of neutron power over long term needs to be considered. aka Activation and corrosion modes of materials. Traditional nuclear has about 1% of the energy in neutrons for example.

[delt0r]

No. The x-rays are produced by a specific process in the plasmoid called bremsstrahlung and in an FF DPF plasmoid that process produces mostly x-rays. The specific energies of the x-rays generated are governed by the fuel, the temperature and the nature of the plasma confinement. The plasmoid is not a wide-spectrum energy source.

Bremsstrahlung is the main source of xrays and is very definitely wide spectrum. There may be some line radiation from impurities, but this push the losses up massively and is typically avoided.

The xrays are wide spectrum, there is no doubt about it.

[delt0r]

Hot plasma is not like a superconductor. Sure the resistance is lower than copper, but still important. ie you cannot get magnetic reconnection without resistance. When doing MHD approximation the resistance is often assumed to be zero, that is you assume the magnetic field lines are frozen wrt to the fluid/plasma. Again however there is a lot of effects that cannot be modeled with this approach.

[delt0r]

The reaction I wrote down is the net reaction. As i previously posted this is via a proton chain. So the reaction is 58Ni+p ->59Cu decay via beta- ->59Ni +p -> 60Cu decay via beta- …. So on and so forth.

[delt0r]

This result has long been suspected. Aka really hot solar corona for example. However its difficult to do the math since you can’t assume non resistive MHD among other things.

[delt0r]

There was also a paper in AIP:http://pop.aip.org/resource/1/phpaen/v18/i11/p112501_s1?track=POPNOV11&bypassSSO=1

[delt0r]

Sure:

58Ni+ 5p ->63Cu + 45MeV (some of that in gammas)
and
60Ni + 3p ->63Cu +25MeV (some of that in gammas)

I am ignoring the other natural Isotopes of Ni. But you get the idea. Also this is the net reaction as they claim (a stable Cu isotope is what they claim). This disregards the beta- decays required as stated in my earlier post.

[delt0r]

The amount of power you absorb from xrays is small compared to the direct heat load of the plasma.

[delt0r]

The rest of the world seems to be doing just fine without it. I mean as long as a company is properly registered etc that is. This is not hard to do and there are minimal legal requirements with both investors and the SEC equivalent. You can invest at any level. Its “regulated” in that there are laws to comply with, but anyone can invest into any company if they will take the investment.

The idea that i can only invest if i am rich enough is ridiculous.

[delt0r]

That is a awful analogy and totally wrong. Its not the key i was taking about, its what comes out of the box once you get the key in. Aka decay and isotope products + radiation that they claim does not exist. Add a proton to a nickel atom anyway you want you get either 59Cu with a half life of 81 seconds or 61Cu with a half life of 3h. Both via beta- decay. We are ignoring the gammas that also must happen with the new proton “falling” into the strong nuclear force potential well.

Now we have 59Ni and 61Ni from the decays *not* Cu and we also have at least a pair of 500keV gammas (from the positron). Lets assume these then absorb another proton via the magic key. Again we ignore the highly validated nucleus energy levels that again would result in some gamma emissions. We get 60Cu and 62Cu respectively. Both again decay via beta- into Ni again with half lives of 23mins and 10mins so again the decay so fast we need to care about it. Also we have 2 more ~500keV gamma for each decay. Again we have 60Ni and 62Ni and we note that we have already look at the “proton” chain for 60Ni. So now lets just consider 62Ni.

The 62Ni absorbs a proton and we now have 63Cu. This is stable and we finally arrive at where the Ecat folk claim to get. Never mind they also magically produce copper in natural isotope ratios where we have just show that even with a magic key you still only get 63Cu. Also you get at least a bunch of gammas from positron-electron annihilation.

Now lets consider how much energy we get out of this. Turns out this is easy to calculate. We just get the mass difference between 63Cu and either 58Ni+5p or 60Ni+3p. Using the data from http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Compositions/stand_alone.pl we get ~45MeV and ~25MeV of energy out of each reaction. We also get 6 to 10 ~500keV gammas for each. So we can now calculate the lower bound of radiation from 1 MW of thermal power. We assume only 60Ni since this results in the most energy per proton and per decay. Thus we need 250×10^15 60Ni+3p->63Cu reactions per second for this power and thus about 1.5×10^18 500keV gammas carrying about 120kW of energy. Considering that a 1-2Gy (1J/kg) dose of radiation is a very large dose will have you vomiting in a few hours. Without massive shielding any person within100 meters is going to have a really really bad day.

It should be pointed out that this is a bit of a conservative estimate. We need to consider that the half life for the products are in mins and hours, so that the true starting rate will need to be higher. Then you also have the “can’t turn off” feature of a plain old nuke plant. Since there are decays for hours after the thing is turned off, there will be high heat and radiation levels for hours afterward.

All this with a magical “fuse hydrogen with Nickel” key. The key cannot change what is in the box.

I won’t bother with just how magical this key thing is or how much other H+Ni experiments would have observed very different results (there is a lot!).

In God we trust. The rest of you show me the data!

Edit: the gamma rays are out by a factor of 2. They are approximately 500keV not 250keV as in the original post.

[delt0r]

Wow, just Wow. In the land of the free you can’t invest your money on what you want? That is really freaky.

[delt0r]

Is that an American thing? Cus i am allowed to invest in anything i want. Really. Also i can form a company or whatever and take investment from whoever is willing to provide it. Why they hell would there be anything to stop you? About the only limit is that some won’t want small investors. Only larger ones. But that is not the same as not permitted.

[delt0r]

But is registering with the SEC such a big deal. At least the countries i have lived in, registering with the equivalent body was no big deal. The accounting burden was minimal as well.

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